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    Yemama Apothecary

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    Anti-Malarial, Glycemic-Modulating & Fire-Purging Sovereign (清热解毒 / 泻火利湿截疟退热平肝降糖通经止痛 — 传统巨型苦藤 / 恶性疟疾与消渴第一象藤)

    古柯青牛胆 / 泰国青牛胆 / 粗茎青牛胆 / 巨藤 — Tinospora baenzigeri Forman

    Pinyin: Gǔkē Qīngniúdǎn / Tàiguó Qīngniúdǎn · Malay: Patawali Gajah / Thai Moonseed / Thai Guduchi / Batang Wali Besar · Family: Menispermaceae (防己科)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Extremely Cold (大寒 / 苦寒)

    Flavor

    Overwhelmingly and purely bitter, tongue-numbing (大苦、极苦、大寒、麻舌)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Spleen (脾), Stomach (胃), Large Intestine (大肠)

    Traditional Edict

    Thai Moonseed (Patawali Gajah / Gu Ke Qing Niu Dan). Giant warty succulent lianas. Supreme Giant Bitter Vine: extinguishes chloroquine-resistant malarial swamp fevers, activates AMPK to lower diabetic blood sugar, clears amoebic dysentery, and relieves arthritis.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Extreme bitterness (take after meals). STRICTLY CONTRAINDICATED IN PREGNANCY (potent uterine contractility). Monitor blood glucose closely when combined with Metformin/Insulin to prevent hypoglycemia.

    Clinical Applications

    • Chloroquine-resistant malaria and tropical intermittent pyrexia (schizonticidal adjuvant), Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (insulin sensitization and hepatic gluconeogenesis suppression), and acute dysentery.

    Quality Markers

    Tinocrisposide >= 0.50%, Columbin, Palmatine & Total Furanoditerpenes >= 1.80% (HPLC standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Furanoditerpene lactones (columbin, tinocrisposide) disrupt Plasmodium falciparum hemozoin crystallization. 2. Palmatine and berberine activate AMPK and upregulate skeletal GLUT4 to lower glucose.

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE BITTER ANTIMALARIAL & GLYCEMIC DECOCTION: 5 to 10 g dried warty stem slices boiled in 500 mL water for 30 min until reduced to 250 mL bitter broth; taken in 2 divided doses after meals. Stem powder: 500 to 1000 mg in capsules twice daily.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. Sovereign Malaria Swamp Fever Draught with Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) and Qing Hao. 2. Diabetic Wasting Thirst Dual-Bitter Compound with Momordica charantia.

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only