海南蒲桃 / 乌墨 / 爪哇蒲桃 — Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (syn. Eugenia jambolana)

Pinyin: Hǎinán Pútáo / Wūmò · Malay: Jamun / Jamblang / Duwet / Jambu Keling · Family: Myrtaceae (桃金娘科)

Energetics

Neutral to slightly Cool (平 / 微凉)

Flavor

Sour, sweet, astringent, slightly bitter (酸、甘、涩、微苦)

Meridians

Spleen (脾), Stomach (胃), Kidney (肾), Large Intestine (大肠)

Traditional Edict

Inky black plum. Engenders fluids to quench severe thirst, astringes intestines to arrest chronic diarrhea, and controls glucose wasting in Xiao Ke (消渴). Sovereign seed for diabetes.

Cautions & Contraindications

Monitor blood glucose closely when combining with synthetic antidiabetics to avoid hypoglycemia. Contraindicated in acute spastic constipation.

Clinical Applications

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia), diabetic nephropathy, hyperuricemic gout (xanthine oxidase inhibition), and chronic secretory diarrhea.

Quality Markers

Jamboline, Myricetin >= 1.00% & Delphinidin Anthocyanins (HPLC MHM standard)

Mechanism & Phytochemistry

1. Myricetin and ellagic acid competitively inhibit a-glucosidase and pancreatic a-amylase, retarding carbohydrate breakdown. 2. Stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion and upregulates GLUT4. 3. Inhibits hepatic xanthine oxidase, lowering uric acid.

Preparation & Dosage

Sun-dried seed powder (Wumohuzi Fen): 3-6 g daily (taken 30 min before meals in 2-3 divided doses). Sliced dried bark in decoction: 10-15 g. Standardized extract: 250-500 mg twice daily.

Appended Prescriptions

1. The Sovereign Nanyang Glycemic Triad with Momordica charantia (Peria Katak) and Gynura procumbens (Sambung Nyawa). 2. Classical Dysentery Bowel Formula with Terminalia chebula.

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Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only