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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Astringent Hemostatic, Oral Aphthous-Healing & Glycemic Sovereign (收敛止血 / 清热解毒利咽生肌消肿止痛降血糖 — 东南亚口腔溃疡含漱第一红胶木 / 国树红藤药)

    紫檀 / 印度紫檀 / 蔷薇木 / 花榈木 / 榈木 — Pterocarpus indicus Willd. (syn. Pterocarpus wallichii)

    Pinyin: Zǐtán / Yìndù Zǐtán / Qiángwēimù · Malay: Angsana / Sena / Pokok Angsana / Narra · Family: Fabaceae (豆科 / 蝶形花亚科)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool to Neutral (平 / 微凉)

    Flavor

    Bitter, astringent, slightly sweet (苦、涩、微甘)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Spleen (脾), Stomach (胃), Heart (心)

    Traditional Edict

    Angsana / Narra (Sena / Yindu Zitan). Blood-red kino resin and fragrant golden pea flowers. Sovereign for oral aphthous ulcers (Ulser Mulut / Seriawan): crushing leaves for mouthwash seals painful canker sores in 24h, stanches bleeding gums, lowers blood sugar.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Kino resin tannins may temporarily stain teeth slightly (rinse mouth with clear water after swishing). High dental and topical safety profile. Contraindicated in spastic constipation.

    Clinical Applications

    • Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (canker sores), chronic marginal gingivitis with bleeding, acute secretory diarrhea, traumatic bleeding wounds, and postprandial hyperglycemia.

    Quality Markers

    Pterostilbene (紫檀芪) >= 1.00%-2.00%, Kinotannic Acid >= 50.0% in kino resin & Pterocarpin (HPLC MHM standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Kinotannic acids cross-link oral mucosal proteins, creating an impermeable protective biological dressing over ulcer beds. 2. Pterostilbene downregulates iNOS/COX-2. 3. Pterostilbene activates AMPK to improve insulin sensitivity.

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE SOVEREIGN ANGSANA ORAL APHTHOUS MOUTHWASH: 20 to 30 g fresh leaves crushed in 100 mL water with a pinch of sea salt, expressed juice swished over canker sores for 2 min, 3-4x daily. Bark decoction: 15-30 g for diarrhea. Direct kino sap for wounds.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Oral Canker Sore Synergy with Psidium guajava (Guava leaf) and Uncaria gambir. 2. Rainforest Glycemic Moderation Draught with Morus alba leaf (Sang Ye).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only