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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Heat-Clearing, Anti-Rheumatic & Indole Analgesic Sovereign (清热解毒 / 祛风除湿通络止痛消肿生肌抗癌药)

    红花蕊木 / 灌木蕊木 / 红花假茉莉 / 露珠蕊木 — Kopsia fruticosa (Roxb.) A.DC.

    Pinyin: Hónghuā Ruǐmù / Guànmù Ruǐmù · Malay: Pokok Cabe Hutan / Cabe Hutan / Kopsia Merah · Family: Apocynaceae (夹竹桃科)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool to Neutral (平 / 微凉)

    Flavor

    Bitter, pungent, astringent (苦、辛、涩)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Kidney (肾), Spleen (脾)

    Traditional Edict

    Pink Kopsia (Pokok Cabe Hutan). Salverform porcelain-pink flowers with crimson throat. Clears heat-toxin, dredges deep joint collaterals, relieves chronic knee arthritis, heals ulcerated skin sores, and dissolves cancerous nodules.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Contains active indole alkaloids; adhere to therapeutic dosage limits (do not exceed 15 g daily). Contraindicated in pregnancy and severe bradycardia.

    Clinical Applications

    • Rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative knee osteoarthritis, chronic suppurative skin ulcers, and solid tumor adjuvant therapy.

    Quality Markers

    Indole Alkaloids (Kopsine, Fruticosine, Kopsinine) >= 0.50% & Lupeol (HPLC MHM standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Kopsine and fruticosine monoterpene indole alkaloids inhibit central and peripheral nociceptive pathways and downregulate synovial TNF-a/IL-6. 2. Lupeol and ursolic acid accelerate fibroblast collagen deposition. 3. Antineoplastic cytotoxicity.

    Preparation & Dosage

    Dried sliced bark/stems in decoction: 6-12 g daily. Fresh leaf poultice for chronic ulcers and joint pain: 20-30 g pounded with warm rice wine applied locally. Topical wash: 30-50 g.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Anti-Rheumatic Joint-Dredging Synergy with Spatholobus suberectus (Ji Xue Teng) and Achyranthes. 2. Chronic Ulcer Healing Salve with Calophyllum inophyllum (Tamanu Oil).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only