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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Classic Anticholinergic Bronchodilator, Gastrointestinal Antispasmodic & Narcotic Sovereign (平喘止咳 / 解痉定痛 / 祛风止痒 / 麻醉安神 / 镇咳平喘要药)

    曼陀罗 / 紫花曼陀罗 / 醉心花 / 枫茄儿 / 臭麻子 — Datura stramonium L. / Datura tatula

    Pinyin: Màn Tuó Luó / Zǐ Huā Màn Tuó Luó / Zuì Xīn Huā · Malay: Kecubung Ungu / Kecubung Hitam / Kecubung Kasih · Family: Solanaceae (茄科)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Warm, Narcotic, Greatly Toxic (温 / 辛温大毒平喘镇咳止痛麻醉)

    Flavor

    Bitter, pungent, tongue-numbing, toxic (苦、辛、温、有大毒、气烈刺喉麻舌)

    Meridians

    Lung (肺经), Liver (肝经), Stomach (胃经)

    Traditional Edict

    Kecubung Ungu (Man Tuo Luo / Zi Hua Man Tuo Luo). Shrub with erect sharp-spined 4-valved capsules and violet-throated trumpet blossoms. Sovereign for Intractable Bronchial Asthma Wheezing & Gastric Spasmodic Colic (Raja Ubat Lelah Asma, Batuk Kering & Penawar Kejang Perut Kecubung Ungu): micro-dosed smoke or powder stops severe coughing fits, halts gastrointestinal cramping, and relieves excruciating rheumatic joint pain.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • BLACK BOX LETHAL ANTICHOLINERGIC TOXICITY WARNING: Overdose triggers violent delirium, fixed dilated pupils, extreme hyperthermia, dry mouth, tachycardia, and coma. Antidote: Physostigmine (1-2 mg IV) or Pilocarpine. Strictly contraindicated in glaucoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, cardiac tachycardia, and pregnancy.

    Clinical Applications

    • Acute spastic bronchial asthma, intractable cough and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; spastic gastrointestinal colic, biliary spasms and peptic hypersecretion; pre-anesthetic drying of respiratory secretions; external neuralgic and rheumatic analgesia.

    Quality Markers

    Hyoscyamine >= 0.25%-0.45%, Scopolamine >= 0.05%-0.15%, Total Tropane Alkaloids >= 0.35%, Moisture <= 11.0%

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    Hyoscyamine (>= 0.25%-0.45%, racemizing to atropine) acts as a potent competitive antagonist at peripheral M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptors; M3 receptor blockade on airway smooth muscle relaxes bronchial constriction and halts mucus secretion; gastrointestinal M3 blockade abolishes spastic circular muscle contractions; scopolamine (>= 0.05%) provides central sedative synergistic relief.

    Preparation & Dosage

    Dried leaves or flowers in decoction: STRICTLY 0.10 to 0.25 g (100 to 250 mg) per dose (do not exceed 0.50 g daily). Asthmatic inhalation smoke: STRICTLY 0.10 g dried leaf shreds rolled in paper, inhaled 1-2 puffs. Raw seeds strictly forbidden for self-medication.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Spastic Bronchial Wheezing Relief Powder (Man Tuo Luo Ping Chuan San): Datura stramonium leaves 0.15 g, Pi Pa Ye 1.0 g, Xing Ren 1.0 g, Licorice root 0.5 g; take 0.25 g with warm water. 2. The Severe Rheumatic Joint & Neuralgia Compress (Minyak Kebas Kecubung Ungu): Datura stramonium leaves 15 g macerated in virgin coconut oil 60 mL for 7 days; massage small drops over painful closed arthritic joints.

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only