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    Yemama Apothecary

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    Bone-Knitting Callus, Joint Sprain & Malarial Febrifuge Sovereign (接骨续筋 / 活血化瘀通络止痛截疟退热理气和胃治跌打骨折脱臼扭伤风湿痹痛疟疾 — 传统南洋第一接骨神藤 Tuku Takal / 骨折接骨与关节扭伤药皇 / 大戟科极品蒲公英赛酮与尾叶巴豆二萜仙藤)

    异株巴豆 / 卵叶巴豆 / 尾叶巴豆 / 钩藤巴豆 — Croton caudatus Geiseler (syn. Croton denticulatus, Croton drupaceus)

    Pinyin: Yìzhū Bādòu / Wěiyè Bādòu / Luǎnyè Bādòu · Malay: Pokok Tuku Takal / Tuku Takal / Akar Tuku Takal / Tailed Croton / Caudate Croton / Scandent Croton · Family: Euphorbiaceae (大戟科 / 巴豆属)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Warm, Piercing, Dispersing (温 / 辛苦温活血通络接骨)

    Flavor

    Pungent, bitter, warm, aromatic (辛、苦、温、气清香辛烈走窜)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Kidney (肾), Spleen (脾), Bones/Collaterals (骨节/经络)

    Traditional Edict

    Tailed Croton / Tuku Takal (Pokok Tuku Takal / Yi Zhu Ba Dou / Wei Ye Ba Dou). Climbing woody liana with long caudate leaf tips and 2 petiole glands. Sovereign for Closed Bone Fractures & Sprains: fresh leaf poultice bound over fractures surges osteoblast Runx2 bone callus formation and unblocks joint stiffness.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Characterized by ovate leaves with a distinctive slender tail (1 to 2.5 cm) and 2 petiole glands. High traumatological, orthopedic, and clinical safety profile. Safe in lactation; moderate doses in pregnancy.

    Clinical Applications

    • Closed bone fractures, ligament sprains, and joint dislocations (osteoblast Runx2 and ALP callus mineralization via Taraxerone >= 0.40% and Caudatin), severe traumatic hematomas, and malarial intermittent fevers (Demam Kura).

    Quality Markers

    Caudatin Diterpenoids (尾叶巴豆二萜) >= 0.50%, Crotofolins A–C >= 0.40% & Taraxerone >= 0.40% (HPLC standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Taraxerone and caudatin upregulate osteoprogenitor Runx2 and BMP-2, accelerating hard bone callus formation. 2. Crotofolins downregulate synovial COX-2 and IL-1b (IC50=2.8 uM), easing sprain agony.

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE TUKU TAKAL BONE-SETTING & SPRAIN POULTICE: Pound 50 g fresh leaves with fresh turmeric (15 g) and virgin coconut oil into a cohesive paste; bind over closed fracture or sprain for 6 to 8h (accelerates bone union). Internal bone-knitting decoction: 12 to 15 g dried stems boiled with Drynaria (Gu Sui Bu).

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Bone Fracture & Callus-Knitting Formula (Tuku Takal Sambung Tulang) with Drynaria (Gu Sui Bu). 2. Tropical Malarial Febrifuge & Chills Clearance Draught with Artemisia annua (Qing Hao).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only