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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Heat-Clearing, Spleen-Harmonizing & Beta-Cell Regenerating Sovereign (清热生津 / 降血糖健脾消渴明目止渴药)

    红瓜 / 凤果 / 金瓜 / 假苦瓜 — Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (syn. Coccinia indica)

    Pinyin: Hóngguā / Fèngguǒ · Malay: Daun Pepasan / Papasan / Pepasan · Family: Cucurbitaceae (葫芦科)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool (微凉 / 凉)

    Flavor

    Bitter, sweet, bland (苦、甘、淡)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Stomach (胃), Lung (肺)

    Traditional Edict

    Ivy Gourd (Daun Pepasan). Fleshy scarlet fruits. Sovereign natural botanical insulin. Clears stomach fire, engenders body fluids, regenerates pancreatic islet b-cells, controls blood sugar in diabetes (Kencing Manis), and brightens vision.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Monitor blood glucose closely when combining with metformin or insulin to avoid hypoglycemia. Contraindicated in Spleen-Stomach deficiency cold diarrhea.

    Clinical Applications

    • Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (fasting and postprandial blood glucose reduction), diabetic retinopathy, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), aphthous stomatitis, and hypercholesterolemia.

    Quality Markers

    Taraxerol, Cucurbitacin B, Polyphenols >= 1.00% & Insulin-Mimetic Polypeptides (HPLC MHM standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Insulin-mimetic peptides and taraxerol upregulate peripheral GLUT4 translocation in skeletal myocytes and stimulate regeneration of pancreatic b-cells. 2. Competitive inhibition of intestinal a-glucosidase. 3. Retinal aldose reductase inhibition.

    Preparation & Dosage

    FRESH LEAF JUICE GLYCEMIC PROTOCOL: 30-50 g fresh leaves blended with water, expressed: 30 mL taken before meals. Dried leaves in decoction: 10-20 g daily. Standardized extract: 250-500 mg before meals.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Nanyang Anti-Diabetic Ivy Gourd Synergy with Momordica charantia (Peria Katak) and Orthosiphon stamineus. 2. Ocular Retinal Clearing Tea with Lycium barbarum (Goji).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only