Bencao Gangmu Reference Library
青柠叶 / 马蜂柑 / 箭叶橙 / 泰国青柠 / 疯柠 / 粗皮柑 — Citrus hystrix DC. (syn. Citrus torosa, Papeda hystrix, Citrus echinata)
Pinyin: Qīngníngyè / Mǎfēnggān / Jiànyèchéng · Malay: Limau Purut / Daun Limau Purut / Jeruk Purut / Kaffir Lime / Makrut Lime / Folium Citri Hystricis · Family: Rutaceae (芸香科 / 柑橘属)
Energetics
Warm, Intensely Aromatic, Piercing (温 / 辛苦温芳烈透窍)
Flavor
Pungent, bitter, intensely zesty, aromatic (辛、苦、微温、气极芳烈清冽辛香)
Meridians
Liver (肝), Spleen (脾), Lung (肺), Stomach (胃)
Traditional Edict
Kaffir Lime / Makrut Lime (Limau Purut / Daun Limau Purut / Ma Feng Gan). Hourglass double-winged leaves with warty fruit. Empress of Maternal Confinement Baths: boiling leaves and fruit in bathwater opens pores, expels uterine wind (Angin Meroyan); juice massaged into scalp clears dandruff (Kelemumur).
Cautions & Contraindications
- Peel oil contains trace phototoxic furanocoumarins (avoid intense direct sun on skin after applying undiluted peel oil). Exceptional clinical, maternal, and trichological safety profile. Highly revered in confinement.
Clinical Applications
- Postpartum maternal convalescence and confinement baths (cutaneous cholinergic vasodilation and lochial clearance via Citronellal >= 65.0%), seborrheic dermatitis and scalp dandruff (Malassezia membrane lysis), and spastic rhinitis.
Quality Markers
Mechanism & Phytochemistry
1. Citronellal selectively inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and COX-2 (IC50=1.6 uM), easing mucosal inflammation. 2. Disrupts ergosterol biosynthesis in Malassezia globosa (MIC=0.25 uL/mL).
Preparation & Dosage
THE ROYAL MALAYSIAN MANDIAN NIFAS LIMAU PURUT (Confinement Bath): 30 to 50 g bruised double leaves and 3 halved warty fruits boiled in 5.0 L water with Serai Wangi and Pandan for 20 min (bathe warm daily during confinement). Scalp rinse: juice of 2 fresh fruits diluted in warm water.
Appended Prescriptions
- 1. The Royal Postpartum Confinement Restorative Bath Formula (Mandian Nifas Limau Purut) with Cymbopogon nardus. 2. Natural Anti-Dandruff & Scalp Strengthening Shampoo with Kayu Sintok.
Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only
