Bencao Gangmu Reference Library
青柠 / 酸柑 / 来檬 — Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle
Pinyin: Qīngníng / Suāngān · Malay: Limau Nipis / Limau Asam · Family: Rutaceae (芸香科)
Energetics
Cool (微凉 / 凉)
Flavor
Extremely Sour, fragrant (极酸、芳香)
Meridians
Liver (肝), Stomach (胃), Lung (肺)
Traditional Edict
Engenders body fluids to quench thirst, dissolves stubborn phlegm to stop cough, harmonizes stomach to arrest vomiting, and soothes liver. Sovereign Nanyang cough antidote and detoxifier.
Cautions & Contraindications
- High titratable acidity; do not take undiluted on empty stomach in active peptic ulceration or enamel erosion.
Clinical Applications
- Acute viral pharyngitis with thick sticky phlegm, loss of appetite, travel sickness, nephrolithiasis (urinary citrate alkalization), and scurvy.
Quality Markers
Mechanism & Phytochemistry
1. High natural citric acid binds free calcium in renal tubules and elevates urinary citrate, inhibiting calcium oxalate stone formation. 2. Limonene and citral promote expectorant bronchial mucus thinning and destroy bacterial biofilms. 3. Vitamin C elevates cellular immunity.
Preparation & Dosage
Fresh juice squeezed with warm water, honey, and pinch of sea salt: 15-30 mL (1-2 limes). Dried salted whole limes (Xian Suangan): 1 piece steeped in hot tea.
Appended Prescriptions
- 1. Sovereign Nanyang Throat & Phlegm Elixir (Limau Madu Garam) with Fresh Lime Juice, Pure Honey, and Sea Salt. 2. Detoxifying Anti-Calculus Drink with Coconut Water.
Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only