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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Coastal Antivenom, Thermal Burn-Eschar & Astringent Anti-Dysenteric Sovereign (解毒消肿 / 收敛止血凉血生肌涩肠止泻清热解毒治毒鱼刺伤海鲶刺伤水火烫伤烧伤急性菌痢 — 传统南洋海岸第一解鱼毒角果木 Tenggah / 烧烫伤结痂与海鲶刺伤克星 / 红树科极品二萜鞣质药树)

    十雄角果木 / 红树角果木 / 细花角果木 / 粗脉角果木 / 假木榄 — Ceriops decandra (Griff.) W.Theob. (syn. Ceriops roxburghiana, Rhizophora decandra)

    Pinyin: Shíxióng Jiǎoguǒmù / Hóngshù Jiǎoguǒmù · Malay: Tenggah / Bakau Tenggah / Tenggah Bunga Halus / Flat-Leaved Ceriops / Ten-Stamened Mangrove · Family: Rhizophoraceae (红树科 / 角果木属)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool to Cold, Intensely Astringent (寒 / 苦涩咸大寒)

    Flavor

    Bitter, astringent, salty (大苦、大涩、咸、大寒)

    Meridians

    Large Intestine (大肠), Liver (肝), Stomach (胃), Spleen (脾)

    Traditional Edict

    Ten-Stamened Mangrove / Flat-Leaved Ceriops (Tenggah / Shi Xiong Jiao Guo Mu / Bakau Tenggah). Buttressed mangrove with 10 stamens and small clavate hypocotyls. Sovereign for Marine Catfish Antivenom & Burns: bark poultice neutralizes venomous catfish (Ikan Sembilang) stings, powder forms sterile burn eschars.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • MANDATORY FRESHWATER DESALINATION: Wash mangrove bark in fresh river water before use. High astringency; contraindicated in spastic constipation. Safe topically during pregnancy and lactation.

    Clinical Applications

    • Marine catfish and stingray envenomation (venom Phospholipase A2 and metalloproteinase neutralization via Ceriopsins), severe thermal burns and scalds (instant sterile eschar formation), and acute bacillary dysentery.

    Quality Markers

    Ceriopsins A-F >= 0.60%, Betulinic Acid >= 0.50% & Total Condensed Tannins >= 20.0%-30.0% (HPLC standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Ceriopsin diterpenes and proanthocyanidins competitively block venom PLA2 catalytic sites (IC50=3.2 uM), preventing tissue necrosis. 2. Condensed tannins precipitate wound exudate proteins.

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE SOVEREIGN MARINE CATFISH & STINGRAY ANTIVENOM POULTICE: 30 to 50 g fresh desalted inner bark pounded into a moist paste with sea salt; bound over puncture wound (halts burning pain in 15 min). Burn eschar powder: ultra-fine desalted bark powder dusted directly over cleaned burns.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Coastal Marine Catfish Antidote Poultice with Curcuma longa (Kunyit). 2. Thermal Scald Burn Healing Ointment with Calophyllum inophyllum (Tamanu oil).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only