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    Yemama Apothecary

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    Intestinal Astringent, Anti-Dysenteric & Hepatic Decongestant Sovereign (涩肠止泻 / 清热解毒凉血止血退黄保肝敛疮治急慢性细菌性痢疾阿米巴肠炎黄疸型肝炎胃溃疡出血 — 传统南洋热带第一止痢神木 Kenidai / 顽固性痢疾与肠炎克星 / 叶下珠科攀援药藤)

    托叶土蜜树 / 假大戟同属 / 蔓生土蜜树 / 攀援土蜜树 / 假土蜜树 — Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume (syn. Clutia stipularis, Bridelia scandens)

    Pinyin: Tuōyè Tǔmìshù / Mànshēng Tǔmìshù · Malay: Kenidai / Kenidai Bukit / Kenidai Hutan / Keridai / Climbing Bridelia · Family: Phyllanthaceae (叶下珠科 / 土蜜树属)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool to Neutral (平 / 微苦微涩平)

    Flavor

    Bitter, astringent, slightly sour, sweetish (苦、涩、微酸、微甘、平)

    Meridians

    Large Intestine (大肠), Spleen (脾), Liver (肝), Stomach (胃)

    Traditional Edict

    Climbing Bridelia / Kenidai (Kenidai / Tuo Ye Tu Mi Shu / Man Sheng Tu Mi Shu). Climbing liana with large persistent stipules and purple-black berries. Sovereign for Acute Dysentery & Diarrhea: concentrated bark and leaf tea stops watery bowels, halts tenesmus, lowers jaundice transaminases.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Discontinue use once loose diarrhea is controlled to avoid rebound constipation from excessive tannins. CONTRAINDICATED in spastic constipation. Safe during lactation; moderate doses in pregnancy.

    Clinical Applications

    • Acute bacillary dysentery, amoebic enteritis, and watery diarrhea (mucosal barrier cross-linking via Condensed Tannins >= 10.0%), bleeding peptic gastric ulcers, and icteric viral hepatitis.

    Quality Markers

    Friedelin (木栓酮) >= 0.60%, Gallic Acid >= 0.80% & Condensed Tannins >= 10.0% (HPLC standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. Condensed tannins cross-link enterocyte glycoproteins, halting intestinal hyperpermeability and blocking Shigella adhesion. 2. Friedelin selectively inhibits 5-LOX and NF-kB (IC50=4.2 uM).

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE SOVEREIGN KENIDAI ANTI-DIARRHEAL DECOCTION: 15 to 25 g dried stem discs or leaves boiled with guava leaf (10 g) in 600 mL water for 25 min; taken warm in 2 divided doses daily (halts watery stools). Mouthwash for bleeding gums: 15 g bark boiled with salt.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Acute Bacillary Dysentery Draught with Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi). 2. Peptic Ulcer Hemostasis Draught with Bletilla striata (Bai Ji).

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only