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    Yemama Apothecary

    Bencao Gangmu Reference Library

    Insulin-Sensitizing, Gynecological Leukorrhea-Astringing & Dysmenorrhea Sovereign (收敛止带 / 活血调经清热解毒降血糖消肿止痛治白带过多赤白带下月经不调痛经糖尿病 — 传统南洋第一调经止带花卉 Bunga Kertas / D-松醇天然胰岛素增敏剂之母 / 紫茉莉科极品药用花卉)

    光叶九重葛 / 三角梅 / 叶子花 / 簕杜鹃 / 宝巾花 — Bougainvillea glabra Choisy

    Pinyin: Guāngyè Jiǔchónggé / Sānjiǎoméi / Yèzǐhuā · Malay: Bunga Kertas / Bunga Bugenvil / Pokok Bunga Kertas / Paper Flower / Lesser Bougainvillea · Family: Nyctaginaceae (紫茉莉科 / 九重葛属)

    Botanical Illustration

    Energetics

    Cool to Neutral (平 / 苦涩微苦平)

    Flavor

    Bitter, astringent, slightly sweet (苦、涩、微甘、平)

    Meridians

    Liver (肝), Kidney (肾), Spleen (脾), Lung (肺)

    Traditional Edict

    Paper Flower / Bougainvillea (Bunga Kertas / San Jiao Mei / Guang Ye Jiu Chong Ge). Spiny liana with papery magenta bracts. Master for Insulin Sensitization & Leukorrhea Astringency: brewing magenta bracts into tea stops profuse cloudy leukorrhea, eases menstrual cramps, lowers diabetic glucose.

    Cautions & Contraindications

    • Use vibrant magenta-purple floral bracts (highest active D-Pinitol). Avoid concentrated medicinal megadoses in early pregnancy due to mild emmenagogue action. Safe during lactation in tea amounts.

    Clinical Applications

    • Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (insulin-mimetic GLUT4 glucose disposal via D-Pinitol >= 1.20%), chronic gynecological leukorrhea and cervicitis (mucosal astringency and Candida suppression), and primary dysmenorrhea.

    Quality Markers

    D-Pinitol (D-松醇) >= 1.20%-2.50% in dried bracts, Bougainvillein-r-I >= 0.80% & Total Flavonoids >= 2.50% (HPLC standard)

    Mechanism & Phytochemistry

    1. D-Pinitol acts as an inositolphosphoglycan second messenger, activating PI3K/Akt to surge GLUT4 glucose uptake. 2. Betacyanins and tannins cross-link vaginal epithelial proteins to halt leukorrhea.

    Preparation & Dosage

    THE SOVEREIGN BUNGA KERTAS LEUKORRHEA & ANTIDIABETIC TISANE: 10 to 15 g dried magenta floral bracts steeped in 500 mL boiling water with Misai Kucing (10 g) for 15 min; taken warm twice daily after meals. Gynecological decoction: 15 to 25 g dried leaves in 600 mL water.

    Appended Prescriptions

    • 1. The Sovereign Female Leukorrhea Draught with Euryale ferox (Qian Shi) and Dioscorea (Shan Yao). 2. Metabolic Glycemic Homeostasis Tisane with Gymnema sylvestre and Morus alba leaf.

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    Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only