三敛 / 黄瓜树 / 酸杨桃 — Averrhoa bilimbi L.

Pinyin: Sānliǎn / Huángguāshù · Malay: Belimbing Wuluh / Belimbing Buloh / Belimbing Asam · Family: Oxalidaceae (酢浆草科)

Energetics

Cold (寒)

Flavor

Intensely Sour, astringent, slightly bitter (极酸、涩、微苦)

Meridians

Liver (肝), Stomach (胃), Lung (肺)

Traditional Edict

Bamboo Belimbing. Threefold astringer. Clears toxic heat, purges fire, engenders fluids, calms Liver to lower blood pressure, dissolves phlegm, relieves mumps and bleeding gums.

Cautions & Contraindications

CRITICAL TOXICITY WARNING: Contains 10-15 mg/g soluble oxalates. NEVER DRINK CONCENTRATED RAW UNDILUTED JUICE (causes Acute Oxalate Nephropathy and AKI). ABSOLUTELY CONTRAINDICATED in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or kidney stones.

Clinical Applications

Stage 1/2 essential hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral pharyngotonsillitis, and parotitis mumps.

Quality Markers

Soluble Oxalate (10-15 mg/g fresh weight), Orientin, Isoorientin & Ascorbic Acid (HPLC MHM standard)

Mechanism & Phytochemistry

1. Orientin and isoorientin C-glycosylflavonoids stimulate eNOS and inhibit calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle, lowering blood pressure. 2. Upregulates hepatic LDL receptors. 3. Organic acids lyse oral biofilms of S. mutans.

Preparation & Dosage

Fresh fruits cooked in culinary broths (Sambal/Singgang): 15-30 g (2-4 fruits). Fresh dark-purple flowers steeped as cough syrup: 10-20 g. Dried leaves in tea: 5-10 g.

Appended Prescriptions

1. Nanyang Blood-Pressure Calming Herbal Tisane with Centella asiatica (Pegaga) and Gynura procumbens. 2. Pediatric Pharyngeal Floral Cough Syrup with Lonicera and Rock Sugar.

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Yemama Apothecary · Petaling Jaya, Malaysia · For educational and clinical reference only